Toward a Unified Military Response: Hurricane Sandy and the Dual Status Commander
Dr Ryan Burke, Dr Sue McNeil
Monograph by the US Army War College, Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College Press
"U.S. military forces have played a role in supporting civil authorities in varying locations and capacities from the Whiskey Rebellion to Hurricane Sandy. In a large-scale incident response scenario requiring combined support from the National Guard and federal military, effective management and coordination continues to challenge all involved. There are issues of constitutionality, legality, policy, financial considerations, and even politics, all uniquely situated between individual states’ interests and those of the Federal Government. In this context, there is a philosophical conflict between federalism and state sovereignty during military civil support missions that continues to present itself as an impediment to success..."