This monograph places events in Libya since 2011 into their historical and social context and argues a form of radical Islamism, linked to long-standing national defiance of outside control, remains a factor even after the defeat of the Islamic State…
Prior to 1912, Libya was a province within the Ottoman Empire and subdivided into two regions (Tripolitania in the west and Cyrenaica in the east) reflecting a long-standing ethnic and geographic division in the country. Although not administered separately, the…
North Africa’s security landscape has worsened in the aftermath of the political events of the Arab Spring. Libya’s dire state of affairs has had significant repercussions not only on its internal security and stability, but also on that of its…
The threat perceptions of many Arab states aligned with the United States have changed significantly as a result of such dramatic events as the 2011 U.S. military withdrawal from Iraq, the emergence and then fading of the Arab Spring, the…
This SOLLIMS Sampler covers a variety of recent cases whereby “challenges and spoilers” posed continuing threats to peace Although no two cases are alike, this Sampler reveals key lessons and insights for dealing with threats/spoilers – especially the importance of…
his report provides a selection of current lessons from the SOLLIMS database – highlighting the growing importance of civilian protection, its challenges for international forces, and the various actions they have taken to enhance mission success.